Selective attention is a cognitive process that allows an organism to direct processing resources preferntially to behaviorally relevant stimuli. This is important since attention is a limited resource, and stimulus detection and discrimination are improved with selective attention. Although the neural mechanisms for selective attention have traditionally been thought to reside solely within the cortex, emerging evidence indicates that this view should be reassessed, as subcortical structures, including the thalamus, also play a significant role. This chapter focuses on thalamocortical network interactions and how they contribute to selective attention.